Authorized and anonymized project references where each entry documents the feed characterization (TDS, COD, dominant salts), nameplate evaporation duty, configured process route (energy reuse × evaporator type × crystallizer type), and the specific process challenge that drove selection — not a gallery of nameplates. Where client confidentiality prevents full disclosure, only the process envelope and configuration family are published.
170+
Reference projects with documented feed, duty and process route
10
Industries served — chemical, battery, food, pharma and more
6+
Process route families: MVR, TVR, multi-effect, forced circulation, DTB, Oslo
Effect count in multi-effect evaporation is set by three constraints: available temperature difference after BPE, material viscosity behavior, and steam-vs-electricity prices. Baselines, feeding arrangements,
Multi-effect evaporation explained: cascading latent heat, steam economy by effect count, forward vs backward feed, forced-circulation final effects, and design details that decide performance.
ZLD system architecture explained: pretreatment-evaporation-crystallization chain, MVR brine concentration, seed slurry scaling control to 300,000 ppm TDS, mixed-salt crystallizers, 95-99% water recovery and the
Centrifuge selection decides residual moisture (3-8% on salt), dryer energy and product quality. This guide covers decanter structure, pusher vs peeler vs decanter selection,
Throughput decides evaporator technology before any vendor talk: below 300 L/h single-effect wins, 300-500 L/h is the MEE transition zone, above 5,000 L/h think
Salt is made by solar evaporation, rock mining, or solution mining, then refined mechanically (97-99% NaCl) or by vacuum recrystallization to PDV grade (>99.5%).
Boiling point elevation erodes evaporator temperature difference, drives MVR compressor sizing, accumulates across MED effects and caps final concentration. Indicative BPE ranges and technology
Evaporator capacity is Q = K·A·ΔT. This guide covers raising the coefficient, temperature-difference losses from BPE to non-condensables, falling film vs forced circulation, plate
Fluid bed dryers dominate salt and crystal drying — halving drying time — while ANFD closed three-in-one units handle toxic and high-value products. This
Falling film vs rising film evaporator compared: gravity vs vapor-shear film formation, temperature difference needs, residence time, viscosity and fouling limits, MVR fit, and
Evidence constraint. Only authorized or anonymized project information is displayed on this page. Process parameters cited (TDS, COD, throughput, particle size distribution, steam economy) are bounded by documented operating conditions and should not be extrapolated to other feed compositions, capacities or utility profiles without project-specific re-validation.
Send your feed characterization (TDS, COD, main salts, viscosity), throughput and product targets — we respond with a preliminary process route within two business days.
